Preparation and Sn1 Reactivity of 2-Bromobutane

Planning and SN1 Reactivity of 2-Bromobutane Whitney Bellido Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, IL 61790-4160 Submitted: April fourth, 2013 Introduction The general objective of this test is to comprehend and be recognizable of SN1 reactivity. We likewise figured out how to get ready 2-Bromobutane by figuring out how to distil and separate this item from its natural layer. At long last, another objective was to explicitly comprehend the general reactivity of alkyl halides under SN1 conditions by responding the alkyl halide and silver nitrate in ethanol.Results and Discussion The Overall Reaction The Proposed Mechanism Experimental Procedure To set up the 2-Bromobutane you should fill a 100 mL round base carafe with 20 mL of 12M sulfuric corrosive and 7. 4 mL of 2-butanol. At that point include 8. 0 g of ammonium bromide alongside an attractive mix bar. At that point connect the cup to the device, which is mounted on a Thermowell over a stirrer and a condenser joined to it, alongside the thermometer in the carafe. At that point the blend was warmed at 90oC at that point kept at the scope of 90oC-100oC for 30 minutes.When that is finished include 20 mL of water into the flagon to play out a straightforward refining to gather the distillate in a graduated chamber, continue doing this until there is not any more 2-Bromobutane gathered. Utilize a Pasteur pipette to draw off the natural layer to another holder. Add the potassium carbonate to permit the fluid to dry by whirling it. When this is finished the reactivity of alkyl halides under SN1 conditions was tried. Including two drops of our item and the other various mixes into various test tubes alongside 1mL of ethanolic silver nitrate reagent.We are looking at these by perceiving how they respond and if there is no response following 5 minutes we will put the test tubes in a measuring glass of water that is warmed at a temperature of 70oC-80oC and see what occurs. Test Stoichiometry Compo und| Molecular Weight| Quantity| Moles| 2-Butanol| 74. 122 g/mol| 7. 41 mL (6. 01 g)| 0. 081| Sulfuric Acid| 98. 079 g/mol| 20. 1 mL| 0. 242| Ammonium Bromide | 97. 94 g/mol| 8. 02 g| 0. 082| The restricting reagent is the 2-Butanol. Yield Data Product Name| 2-Bromobutane | Molecular Weight| 137. 02 g/mol| Boiling Point Range| 89Â °C-91Â °C|Theoretical Yield (Moles)| 0. 081 moles| Theoretical Yield (grams)| 11. 09 grams| Actual Yield (grams)| 6. 84 grams| Actual Yield (moles)| 0. 05 moles| Percent Yield| 62%| NMR table Signal| Chemical Shift (ppm)| Multiplicity | Integration | A| 4. 1 ppm| Sextet| 1| B| 1. 85 ppm| Pentet| 2| C| 1. 7 ppm| Doublet| 3| D| 1. 05 ppm| Triplet| 3| Reactivity of Alkyl Halides Compound| Room Temperature| Heating| 1-Bromobutane | After 30 seconds, the blend was an overcast whitish shading however no accelerate formed| After 5 minutes, it changed into a yellow shading with hasten framed. 2-Bromobutane | After 30 seconds, the blend was a light yellowish shad ing and an encourage framed in a split second. | Not Heated| 2-Bromo-2-methylpropane| After 30 seconds, the blend was yellow and an accelerate framed right away. | Not Heated | Compound| Room Temperature| Heating| 1-Chlorobutane | After 30 seconds, the blend was clear. | After 5 minutes, the shading changed marginally to white and daintily shady. | 2-Bromobutane | After 30 seconds, the blend was a white overcast shading and framed an encourage in a flash. Not Heated| 2-Iodobutane| After 30 seconds, the blend was yellow and accelerated in a split second. | Not Heated| all in all, the SN1 response of 2-Bromobutane was performed. As per the Yield Data table, when the real yield and hypothetical yield are determined we can get the percent yield, which was 62%. In any event this number was higher than half; I can see how this could have occurred. At the point when I was drying the reagent with potassium carbonate, before that I had put different pellets, which were calcium chloride on ac cident.This most likely influenced my percent yield likewise with the way that the temperature was not very much kept up it continued fluctuating under 90OC. As per the reactivity of alkyl halides, the aftereffects of these tables can closed the speculations of the states of SN1 responses. The principal table expresses that the tertiary carbocation are progressively steady which permits this response to perform quicker than second and essential organized carbocations. At that point the subsequent table can reasons that iodine is the best leaving bunch since it is an a lot more vulnerable base than the bromide particle and chloride particle making it respond quicker.